Biology - Ecology and environment
Exam Duration: 45 Mins Total Questions : 30
Biotic factors are
- (a)
Chemical factors of soil which affect life
- (b)
Physical factors of soil which affect life
- (c)
All living organisms which influence other organisms
- (d)
Factors of atmosphere which affect life
Which of the statements regarding species interdependence is/ are true?
i.An association of two species where one is benefitted and the other remains unaffected is called mutualism.
ii.An interspecific association where both partners derive benefit from each other is called commensalism.
iii.A relationship between two species of organism where both the partners are benefitted from each other is called symbiosis.
- (a)
i & ii only
- (b)
ii & iii only
- (c)
i& iiionly
- (d)
None
Xerarch succession
- (a)
occurs in bare rocks.
- (b)
ultimately progresses from xeric to mesic conditions.
- (c)
both 1 & 2 correct.
- (d)
both 1 & 2 incorrect.
The term ecosystem was coined by
- (a)
A.G Tansley
- (b)
E Haeckel
- (c)
E Warming
- (d)
E.P Odum
Secondary succession takes place on/in
- (a)
bara rock
- (b)
degraded forest
- (c)
newly created pond
- (d)
newly cooled lava
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
- (a)
India has more than 1,00,000 species of plants and 3,00,000 species of animals to be discovered
- (b)
Biodiversity varies with change in latitude and altitude
- (c)
There is decrease in species diversity from poles towards equator
- (d)
Speciation is favoured by favourable environmental conditions which makes possible the existence of large number of species
The world conservation union was called
- (a)
ICBN
- (b)
ICZN
- (c)
IUCN
- (d)
ICUN
Which of the following pairs of and animal nd a plant represents endangered organisms in India?
- (a)
Bentinckia nicobarica and red panda
- (b)
Tamarind and rhesus monkey
- (c)
Cinchona and leopard
- (d)
Banyan and black buck
It is much easier for a small animal to run uphill than for a large animal, because
- (a)
smaller animals have a higher metabolic rate
- (b)
small animals have a lower 02 requirement
- (c)
the efficiency of muscles in large animals is less than in the small animals
- (d)
it is easier to carry a small body weight
Which type of association is found in between entomophilous flower and pollinating agent?
- (a)
Mutualism
- (b)
Commensalism
- (c)
Cooperation
- (d)
Co-evolution
Choose the correct sequence of stages of growth curve for bacteria
- (a)
lag, log, stationary, decline phase
- (b)
lag, log, stationary phase
- (c)
stationary, lag, log, decline phase
- (d)
decline, lag, log phase
Of the total incident solar radiation the proportion of PAR is
- (a)
about 70%
- (b)
about 60%
- (c)
less than 50%
- (d)
more than 80%
Pyramid of number in a pond ecosystem is
- (a)
irregular
- (b)
inverted
- (c)
upright
- (d)
spindle-shaped
Several plant and animal species present together at a place constitute a
- (a)
genus
- (b)
population
- (c)
biome
- (d)
community
In a life table, the number of individuals alive at the beginning of the 1st year to 2nd year interval is 800. During this interval, 200 individuals die. The death rate for this interval is
- (a)
0.25
- (b)
200
- (c)
800
- (d)
0.2
Which of the following is not a characteristic of humus?
- (a)
It is rich in organic matter such as lignin and cellulose.
- (b)
It is colloidal in nature and serves as a reservoir of nutrients.
- (c)
It is highly resistant to microbial action and undergoes slow decomposition.
- (d)
It is further degraded by the process of humification.
The rate of secondary succession is faster than primary succession because
- (a)
soil or sediment is already present
- (b)
water is available in large quantity
- (c)
climax community is already present
- (d)
pH of soil is favourable
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes
| Column I | Column II |
| A. Artemisia tridentata | (i) Grows better in overgrazed area |
| B. Capparis spinosa | (ii) Dominate in areas destructed by fires |
| C. Pteris aquilina and Pyronema | (iii) Indicates intense soil erosion |
| D. Amaranthus and Chenopodium | (iv) Saline soils |
- (a)
A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)
- (b)
A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(i)
- (c)
A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv)
- (d)
A-(iv), B-(iii),C-(ii), D-(i)
The given graph shows the productivity of an aquatic ecosystem measured in terms of dissolved oxygen produced and consumed by green plants and photosynthetic algae where PS = photosynthesis and R = respiration.
What will happen during the algal bloom?
- (a)
PS will be increased, R will be decreased.
- (b)
PS will be decreased, R will be increased.
- (c)
PS and R will not change.
- (d)
PS + R will increase.
In a national park, protection is provided to
- (a)
flora and fauna
- (b)
entire ecosystem
- (c)
fauna only
- (d)
flora only
Sacred groves are found in Khasi and Jaintia hills of ___(i)____, Aravalli hills of ____(ii)___, Western Ghat regions of __(iii)___.
- (a)
(i) (ii) (iii) Meghalaya Rajasthan Karnataka and Maharashtra - (b)
(i) (ii) (iii) Meghalaya and Maharashtra Rajasthan Madhya Pradesh - (c)
(i) (ii) (iii) Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra Rajasthan Meghalaya - (d)
(i) (ii) (iii) Rajasthan Meghalaya Karnataka and Maharashtra
Assertion: The loss of biologically useful energy as heat with every energy transfer in a food chain is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics.
Reason: Energy does not remain trapped permanently in any organism, it is either passed on to higher trophic level or becomes available to detritivores and decomposers after the organism dies.
- (a)
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- (b)
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- (c)
If assertion is true but reason is false.
- (d)
If both assertion and reason are false
In the following question, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as :
Assertion: Broadly utilitarian arguments say that we should conserve biodiversity because biodiversity plays a major role in many ecosystem services that nature provides.
Reason: Exploration of molecular, genetic and species level diversity to obtain the products of economic importance is included under broadly utilitarian category.
- (a)
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
- (b)
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- (c)
If assertion is true but reason is false
- (d)
If both assertion and reason are false
Characteristics of a terrestrial biome are strongly influenced by its
- (a)
flora
- (b)
climate
- (c)
fauna
- (d)
all of these
The given graph represents how three different living organisms (X, Y and Z) cope with the external environmental conditions. Study the graph and select the correct option regarding X, Y and Z.
- (a)
X could be a mammal
- (b)
Y could be a bird
- (c)
Z could be a mammal
- (d)
X could be a bird
In an ecosystem:
- (a)
Primary producers are more than primary consumers
- (b)
Primary consumers are large than primary producers
- (c)
Secondary consumers are larger than primary producers
- (d)
Primary consumers are least depend on primary producers
Robert Constanza and his colleagues have put price tags on natures life support services with refrence to this which of the following is not true
- (a)
Fundamental ecosystem service = $ 33 trillions
- (b)
Soil formation = $ 17.5 trillions
- (c)
Nutrient cycling = less than $ 3.3 trillions
- (d)
Climate regulation = $ 5 trillions
Select the wrong match for extinction of species as per the IUCN red list 2004 -
- (a)
Vertibrates - 338
- (b)
Invertebrates - 359
- (c)
Plants - 87
- (d)
Prokaryotes - 2001
Select the correct statement about biodiversity:-
- (a)
Western Ghats have a very high degree of species ricness and endemism
- (b)
Conservation of biodiversity is just a fad pursued by the developed countries
- (c)
The desert areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat have a very high level of desert animal secies as well as numerous rare animals
- (d)
Large scale planting of Bt cotton has no adverse effect on biodiversity
Acid rain is caused by increases in the atmospheric concentratin of:
- (a)
O3 and dust
- (b)
SO2 and NO2
- (c)
SO3 and CO
- (d)
CO2 and CO
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