Biology and Human Welfare
Exam Duration: 45 Mins Total Questions : 30
Fatty liver syndrome is due to excessive intake of
- (a)
morphine
- (b)
tobacco
- (c)
alcohol
- (d)
Both (b) and (c)
An antibiotic that acts on a variety of pathogenic organisms is called
- (a)
broad spectrum antibiotic
- (b)
narrow spectrum antibiotic
- (c)
Gram positive antibiotic
- (d)
Gram negative antibiotic
Bordeaux mixture(CuSO4 + Ca(OH)2 + H2O) is a fungicide,It was discovered by
- (a)
Dr.BP Pal
- (b)
MS Swaminathan
- (c)
Millardet
- (d)
Pushkar Nath
Desired improved varieties of economically useful crops are raised
- (a)
migration
- (b)
biofertilizer
- (c)
hybridization
- (d)
natural selection
Monaseus purpureus is a yeast used commercially in the production of
- (a)
ethanol
- (b)
streptokinase for removing clots from blood vessels
- (c)
citric acid
- (d)
blood cholesterol lowering statins
Monascus purpureus is a yeast used in the production of statins which are blood cholesterol lowering agents.
Microbe used for biocontrol of pest butterfly caterpillars is
- (a)
Trichoderma sp.
- (b)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- (c)
Bacillus thuringiensis
- (d)
Streptococcus
Bacillus thuringiensis
Match the following list of microbes and their importance:
| A.Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 1.Production of immunosuppressive agents |
| B.Monascus purpureus | 2.Ripening of swiss cheese |
| C.Trichoderma polysporum | 3.Commercial production of ethanol |
| D.Propionibacterium sharmanii | 4.production of blood cholesterol - lowering agents |
- (a)
A B C D 4 3 2 1 - (b)
A B C D 3 4 1 2 - (c)
A B C D 4 2 1 3 - (d)
A B C D 3 1 4 2
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| A.Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 3.Commercial production of ethanol |
| B.Monascus purpureus | 4.production of blood cholesterol - lowering agents |
| C.Trichoderma polysporum | 1.Production of immunosuppressive agents |
| D.Propionibacterium sharmanii | 2.Ripening of swiss cheese |
Transplantation of tissues/organs fails often due to non-acceptance by the patient's body. Which type of immune-response is responsible for such rejections?
- (a)
Autoimmune response
- (b)
Cell-mediated immune response
- (c)
Hormonal immune response
- (d)
Physiological immune response
Transplantation of tissue/organs may fail, when that tissue is rejected by the recipient's immune system leading to its destruction. Tissue rejection is a function of cell-mediated immune response that involves T-cells.These cells have the ability to distinguish between self and non-self. After the recognition of non-self tissue, the killer T-cells induces apoptosis of the target tissue.
Pebrine is a disease of
- (a)
honeybee
- (b)
fish
- (c)
silkworm
- (d)
lac insect
Pebrine disease is one of the most damaging diseases of silkworm. It is caused by Nosema bombycis nageli. The other diseases of silk worm are Flacherie which is an infectious viral disease marked by body flaccidity and digestive disorders.
Muscaridine, which is a fungal disease caused by Spicetie or Botrytis.
ELISA is used to detect viruses where the key reagent is
- (a)
DNA probe
- (b)
RNase
- (c)
alkaline phosphatase
- (d)
catalase
The Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA), also known as the Enzyme Immuno Assay (ElA) has become a widely used serological technique for, detection of AIDS in the blood serum of HIV infected person. The enzymes used for labelling in ELISA include horse radish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, ~-galactosidase, lactoperoxidase, etc.
Which of the following statements is not correct regarding plant breeding?
- (a)
It reduces the dependence on fungicides and bactericides.
- (b)
It provides somaclonal variation
- (c)
It is independent of germ plasm collection.
- (d)
It involves self-pollination of plants.
Germplasm collection is the first important step in breeding a new genetic variety of crop.
Microbes are present in
- (a)
soil
- (b)
thermal vents
- (c)
polluted water
- (d)
all of these.
Microbes are omnipresent, found in soil, water, air, ice, inside bodies of human beings, animals and plants. Some are found in hot springs (upto 800 - 1OO0C) and even in geysers (thermal vents).
Read the following statements and select the incorrect one.
- (a)
The dough used for making Dosa and Idli is fermented by bacteria
- (b)
Microbes are used to ferment fish, soybean and bamboo shoots to make food
- (c)
The large holes in 'Swiss cheese' are due to production of large amount of CO2 by a fungi called Propionibacterium sharmanii.
- (d)
'Toddy' is a traditional drink of Southern India made by fermentation by microbes.
The large holes in 'Swiss cheese' are due to production of large amount of CO2 by a bacterium named Propionibacterium sharmanii.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| A. Statins | (i) Biogas |
| B. Dung | (ii) Saccharomyces cerevisae |
| C. Ethanol production | (iii) Monascus purpureus |
| D. Cydosporin A | (iv) Trichoderma polysporum |
- (a)
A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)
- (b)
A-(i), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(ii)
- (c)
A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(i)
- (d)
A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv)
An explant is
- (a)
dead plant
- (b)
part of the plant
- (c)
part of the plant used in tissue culture
- (d)
part of the plant that expresses a specific gene
Explant is live tissue transferred from the body (plant or any organism) to a suitable artificial medium to initiate a culture (tissue culture) or to transplant as a graft.
Which of the following is a non-symbiotic biofertiliser?
- (a)
VAM
- (b)
Azotobacter
- (c)
Anabaena
- (d)
Rhizobium
Bacteria, such as Azotobacter is free living and can fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil, thus enriching nitrogen content of the soil.
Farmers have reported over 50% higher yields of rice by using which of the following biofertilisers?
- (a)
Bacillus thuringiensis
- (b)
Legume - Rhizobium symbiosis
- (c)
Mycorrhizae
- (d)
Azolla pinnata
Azolla pinnata is a small free floating freshwater fern which multiplies rapidly, doubling every 5-7 days. The fern can live with Anabaena symbiotically in rice fields to fix atmospheric nitrogen. It does not interfere with their growth. In some South-East Asian countries, especially China, the rice fields are regularly provided with Azolla.
In the following question, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as:
Assertion: Secondary treatment of sewage is also called biological treatment while primary treatment is called physical treatment.
Reason: Primary sewage treatment depends only upon sedimentation properties of materials present in sewage and filtration.
- (a)
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
- (b)
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
- (c)
If assertion is true but reason is false.
- (d)
If both assertion and reason are false.
Sewage treatment is divided into primary treatment and secondary treatment. Primary treatment involves filtration of the sewage and then sedimentation of the debris present on filtrate. No microbes are used. The sediment of primary treatment, called primary sludge, is treated by aerobic microbes and then by anaerobic microbes to reduce its organic components during secondary treatment. A secondary treatment involves microbes, thus it is also called biological treatment.
In the following question, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as :
Assertion: Energy value of biogas is lower than that of organic matter.
Reason: Biogas minimises the chances of spread of fecal pathogens
- (a)
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
- (b)
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- (c)
If assertion is true but reason is false.
- (d)
If both assertion and reason are false
Assertion: A single outcross often helps to overcome inbreeding depression.
Reason: Out-crossing is best breeding method for increasing milk productivity.
- (a)
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- (b)
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- (c)
If assertion is true but reason is false.
- (d)
If both assertion and reason are false.
Antibiotics are mostly obtained from
- (a)
Bacteria
- (b)
Actionmycetes
- (c)
Cyanobacteria
- (d)
(1)&(2)
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) grow is milk and convert it to curd and also improve its nutritional quality by increasing:-
- (a)
Vitamin A
- (b)
Vitamin B12
- (c)
Vitamin B6
- (d)
Vitamin C and A
The puffed-up appearance of dough is due to-
- (a)
Growth of LAB
- (b)
Production of O2 & ethanol
- (c)
Production of CO2
- (d)
Growth of yeast Monascus
Which one of the following is an example of carrying out biological control of pests/diseases using microbes?
- (a)
Bt-Cotton to increase cotton yield
- (b)
Ladybird beetle against aphids in mustard
- (c)
Trichoderma sp.against white rust in Brassica
- (d)
Nucleopolyhedrovirus against white rust in Brassica
Taichung Native - 1 variety of rice was developed in
- (a)
Taiwan
- (b)
Japan
- (c)
Mexico
- (d)
America
Feeding constitutes the major management concern in poultry It Is required for high
- (a)
Egg production only
- (b)
Meat production only
- (c)
Both egg and meat production
- (d)
Feeding of birds in poultry is not of prime importance
Which of the following is not an objective of animal breeding?
- (a)
Increasing yield of milk, eggs, meat, wool etc.
- (b)
Improving the desirable qualities of produce
- (c)
Slow growth rate
- (d)
Resistance to various diseases
Mating of more closely related individuals within the same breed for 4 - 6 generation is
- (a)
Outbreeding
- (b)
Intersepecific Breeding
- (c)
Inbreeding
- (d)
Cross Breeding
Onland fisheries involve
- (a)
Culturing fish is ponds
- (b)
Culturing endogenous breed of fish in deep sea and coastal areas
- (c)
Culturing exotic breed of fish in estuaries
- (d)
Culturing any breed or fish in marine water
Shantoosh, the king of wocls is obtained from
- (a)
Antherea royeli
- (b)
Bombyx mori
- (c)
Apis indica
- (d)
Apis dorsata
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