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NEET Biology - Biology and Human Welfare Model Question Paper

NEET Biology - Biology and Human Welfare

Exam Duration: 60 Mins Total Questions : 30

1 )

Which one of the following correctly matches the Sexually Transmitted Disease(STD) with its pathogen?

(a)
AIDS - Bacillus anthracis
(b)
Syphilis - Treponema pallidum
(c)
Urethritis - Entamoeba gingivalis
(d)
Gonorrhoea - Leishmania donovani

2 )

The sporozoites that cause infection when a female Anopheles mosquito bites a human being are formed in

(a)
Liver of human
(b)
RBCs of mosquito
(c)
salivary glands of mosquito
(d)
intestine of human

3 )

Hypophysation is done in major crops to

(a)
increase size
(b)
increase their growth
(c)
cause breeding in fisheries
(d)
increase their palatibility

4 )

What is agent orange?

(a)
A biodegradable insecticide
(b)
A weedicide containing dioxin
(c)
Colour used in fluorescent lamp
(d)
A hazardous chemical used in luminous paints

Solution :

Agent orange is a weedicide containing dioxin. It is so, called because of distinctive orange stripe on its packaging, combines equal parts of 2, 4-D and 2, 4, 5-T was later on found to contain a highly poisonous chemical dioxin as impurity.

5 )

In which one of the following pairs of diseases both are caused by viruses?

(a)
Tetanus and typhoid
(b)
Whooping cough and sleeping sickness
(c)
Syphilis and AIDS
(d)
Measles and rabies

Solution :

Measles and rabies are viral diseases

Disease	Pathogen
Measles	Rubeola virus
Rabies	Rabies virus

6 )

A is an improved breed of cattle and B is an improved breed of chicken. Which of the following options correctly identifies A and B?

(a)
A-Jersey, B-Leghorn
(b)
A-Surti, B-Sangamneri
(c)
A-Marwari, B-Sirohi
(d)
A -Beetal, B-Jamunapari

Solution :

Jersey is an exotic cattle breed from Island of Jersey in English channel. Leghorn is a Mediterranean breed of chicken.

7 )

The term" inbreeding depression" is related to

(a)
increased fertility and productivity
(b)
increased milk production
(c)
reduced fertility and productivity
(d)
reduced milk production.

Solution :

Continued inbreeding, especially close breeding usually reduces fertility and even productivity. This is called inbreeding depression.

8 )

Match the terms given in column I with their descriptions given in column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

Column I	Column II
A. Out-crossing	(i) Mating of closely related individuals within the same breed
B. Interspecific hybridisation	(ii) Mating of animals of same breed but having no common ancestors on either side of their pedigree for 4 - 6 generations.
C. Cross-breeding	(iii) Mating of animals of two different species
D. Inbreeding	(iv) Mating of animals belonging to different breeds

(a)
A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(i)
(b)
A-(iii), B-(ii), C(iv), D-(i)
(c)
A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(i)
(d)
A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(i)

9 )

Select the correct option to fill up the blanks in the following statements.
(i) Controlled breeding experiments are carried out using _____________.
(ii) In MOET technology, the fertilised eggs at ________ cells stages, are recovered and transferred to surrogate mothers.
(iii) In MOETtechnology, the cow produces ____________ eggs instead of one egg.
(iv) ____________ is an industry devoted to the catching, processing or selling of fish.

(a)
(i)artificial insemination,(ii) 8-32, (iii) 6-8, (iv) Fisheries
(b)
(i)artificialinsemination,(ii) 8-32, (iii) 6-8, (iv)Silviculture
(c)
(i) artificialinsemination,(ii) 6-8, (iii) 8-32, (iv) Pisciculture
(d)
(i) artificialinsemination,(ii)4-8, (iii) 8-32, (iv) Fisheries

10 )

Jaya and Ratna are the semi-dwarf varieties of

(a)
wheat
(b)
rice
(c)
cowpea
(d)
mustard.

Solution :

Jaya and Ratna are semi-dwarf varieties of rice which are developed in India.

11 )

Fungicides and antibiotics are chemicals that

(a)
enhance yield and disease resistance
(b)
kill pathogenic fungi and bacteria, respectively
(c)
kill all pathogenic microbes
(d)
kill pathogenic bacteria and fungi respectively

12 )

These bacteria grow anaerobically on cellulosic material, produce large amount of methane along with CO₂ and H₂ , and are collectively called as methanogens. Examples of such bacteria are

(a)
Methanobacterium
(b)
Methanobrevibacter
(c)
Methanococcus
(d)
all of these

Solution :

Methanogens are microorganisms that produce methane as a metabolic byproduct in anoxic condition. They include Methanobacterium, Methanobrevibacter and Methanococcus.

13 )

Which one of the following products of apiculture is used in cosmetics and polishes?

(a)
Honey
(b)
Oil
(c)
Wax
(d)
Royal jelly

Solution :

Abdominal glands of worker bees produce a secretion from which beeswax is made. It is a product of industrial importance. It is used in the manufacture of many items like cosmetics, shaving cream, face cream, plaster, pencils, electric goods, toothpaste, lotions, furniture-polishes, boot-polishes, protective coating, ink paints and candles.

14 )

Organic farming includes

(a)
use of fertilisers and pesticides of biological origin
(b)
IPM (Integrated Pest Management)
(c)
locally developed pest resistant varieties
(d)
all of these.

Solution :

Organic farming includes several methods to enhance soil fertility. In such farming, methods of biological origin are used, e.g., biopesticides, biofertilisers, IPM (Integrated Pest Management) green manure, bioherbicides, keeping pests and pathogens under control, etc. Chemical fertilisers are not used in organic farming.

15 )

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

(a)
In paddy fields, cyanobacteria serve as an important biofertiliser.
(b)
Vermicompost consists of organic matter prepared by the action of earthworms on human or animal waste.
(c)
The important examples of cyanobacteria as biofertilisers are Anabaena, Nostoc and Oscillatoria.
(d)
All of these

16 )

Which of the following is a non-symbiotic biofertiliser?

(a)
VAM
(b)
Azotobacter
(c)
Anabaena
(d)
Rhizobium

Solution :

Bacteria, such as Azotobacter is free living and can fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil, thus enriching nitrogen content of the soil.

17 )

Match column I with column II and select the correct answer from the given codes

Column I	Column II
A. Ganga action plan	(i) N₂ fixing
B. Bt cotton	(ii) Ministry of environment and forests
C. Rhizobium	(iii) Insect resistant plant
D. Nostoc	(iv) N₂ fixing bacterium

(a)
A-(ii), B-(iii), C{iv), D-(i)
(b)
A-(iii), B-(ii), (-(IV), D-(i)
(c)
A-(ii), B-(iv), (-(iii), D-(i)
(d)
A-(i), B-(iii), (-(ii), D-(iv)

18 )

Methanogenic bacteria are not found in

(a)
rumen of cattle
(b)
gobar gas plant
(c)
bottom of water-logged paddy fields
(d)
activated sludge.

Solution :

Methanogens are strict anaerobes. Nutritionally they are "autotrophs" which obtain both energy and carbon from decomposition products. They occur in marshy areas where they convert formic acid and carbon dioxide into methane with the help of hydrogen. This capability is commercially exploited in the production of methane and fuel gas inside gobar gas plants, e.g., Methanobacterium, Methanococcus. Some of the methanogen archaebacteria live as symbionts (e.g., Methanobacterium) inside rumen or first chamber in the stomach of herbivorous animals that chew their cud (ruminants, e.g., cow, buffalo). These archaebacteria are helpful to the ruminants in fermentation of cellulose. The warm, water logged soil of paddies provides ideal condition for methanogenesis and though some of the methane produced is usually oxidised by methanotrophs in the shallow overlying area vast majority is released into atmosphere. Methanogenic bacteria are not found in activated sludge instead activated sludge contains aerobic microorganisms.

19 )

In the following question, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as :
Assertion: Dragonflies can be used to decrease occurrence of diseases like malaria, dengue, etc.
Reason: Baculoviruses are effective in controlling many insects and other arthropods.

(a)
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
(b)
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
(c)
If assertion is true but reason is false
(d)
If both assertion and reason are false