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OTI365 - Medical Jipmer
JIMPER Biology - Biotechnology and its Applications Important Questions

Biology - Biotechnology and its Applications

Exam Duration: 45 Mins Total Questions : 30

1 )

Natural genetic engineer is

(a)
Pseudomonas putida
(b)
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
(c)
Escherichia coli
(d)
Bacillus subtilis

2 )

\(\alpha \)-1 antitrypsin is

(a)
an antacid
(b)
an enzyme
(c)
used to treat arthritis
(d)
used to treat emphysema

3 )

PCR and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism are the method for

(a)
study of enzymes
(b)
genetic transformation
(c)
DNA sequencing
(d)
genetic fingerprinting

4 )

Earth summit at Rio de Janerio was related to

(a)
soil fertility
(b)
conservation of environment
(c)
afforestation
(d)
natural-resources

5 )

The critical research areas of biotechnology are the following except

(a)
To provide the best catalyst in the form of improved organism usually a microbe as pure enzyme
(b)
To document the use of manipulation techniques.
(c)
Downstream processing technologies to purify the organic compounds
(d)
To create optimal conditions through engineering for a catalyst to act

6 )

Measures taken to prevent any risk to plants animals and microbes from transgenic organisms is referred to as

(a)
Bio piracy
(b)
Bio safety
(c)
Bioethics
(d)
Bioliteracy

7 )

ADA deficiency is caused by

(a)
Addition of the gene
(b)
Deletion of the gene
(c)
Inversion of the gene
(d)
Recombination of the gene

8 )

The first human hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology is;

(a)
Thyroxin
(b)
Progesterone
(c)
Insulin
(d)
Estrogen

9 )

The Taq polymerase enzyme is obtained from

(a)
Thiobacillus ferroxidans
(b)
Bacillus subtilis
(c)
Pseudomonas subtilis
(d)
Thermus aquaticus

10 )

The first restriction endonuclease isolated was

(a)
EcoRI
(b)
BamHI
(c)
san
(d)
Hind||.

11 )

Having become an expert on gel electrophoresis, you are asked to examine a gel. Where would you find the smallest segments of DNA?

(a)
Near the positive electrode, farthest away from the wells
(b)
Near the negative electrode, close to the wells
(c)
Near the negative electrode, farthest away from the wells
(d)
Near the middle, they tend to slow down after the first few minutes

12 )

The different steps of recombinant DNA technology are given below randomly.
(i) Isolation of the DNA fragments or genes to be cloned
(ii) Introduction of the recombinant DNA into a suitable cell (usually E. coli) called host (transformation)
(iii) Multiplication/expression of the introduced gene in the host
(iv) Selection of the transformed host cells, and identification of the clone containing the desired gene/DNA fragment
(v) Insertion of the isolated gene in a suitable plasmid vector Which of the following represents the correct sequence of steps?

(a)
(i) \(\rightarrow\) (iii) \(\rightarrow\) (ii) \(\rightarrow\) (iv) \(\rightarrow\) (v)
(b)
(iii) \(\rightarrow\) (ii) \(\rightarrow\) (i) \(\rightarrow\) (v) \(\rightarrow\) (iv)
(c)
(i) \(\rightarrow\) (v) \(\rightarrow\) (ii) \(\rightarrow\) (iv) \(\rightarrow\) (iii)
(d)
(v) \(\rightarrow\) (i) \(\rightarrow\) (iii) \(\rightarrow\) (iv) \(\rightarrow\) (ii)

13 )

The correct sequence of different steps of polymerase chain reaction is

(a)
annealing \(\rightarrow\) denaturation \(\rightarrow\) extension
(b)
denaturation \(\rightarrow\) extension \(\rightarrow\) annealing
(c)
denaturation \(\rightarrow\) annealing \(\rightarrow\) extension
(d)
extension \(\rightarrow\) denaturation \(\rightarrow\) annealing.

14 )

A bacterial cell was transformed with a recombinant DNA that was generated using a human gene. However, the transformed cells did not produce the desired protein. Reasons could be

(a)
human gene may have intron which bacteria cannot process
(b)
amino acid codons for humans and bacteria are different
(c)
human protein is formed but degraded by bacteria
(d)
all of the above.

15 )

First genetically modified plant commercially released in India is

(a)
golden rice
(b)
Flavr Savr
(c)
Bt brinjal
(d)
Bt cotton

16 )

How many recombinant therapeutics are being marketed in India?

(a)
8
(b)
12
(c)
15
(d)
30

17 )

Which of the following companies started selling humulin in the year 1983?

(a)
Eli Lilly
(b)
Genetech
(c)
GEAC
(d)
None of these

18 )

Assertion: Transgenic plants having virus coat protein gene, express resistance to that virus and other related varieties.
Reason: Coat protein gene interferes with uncoating of viruses inside the plant cells

(a)
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
(b)
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
(c)
If assertion is true but reason is false
(d)
If both assertion and reason are false

19 )

Assertion: ELISA test is based on antigen-antibody interactions where a pathogen can be detected by the presence of antibodies (proteins, glycoproteins, etc.) on it. Reason: The pathogen antibody to be identified is immobilised on the surface of specially constructed ELISA plates and is then tested.

(a)
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
(b)
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
(c)
If assertion is true but reason is false
(d)
If both assertion and reason are false

20 )

Assertion: Bacillus anthracis exemplifies how biotechnology can be used for destructive processes.
Reason: The spores of anthrax bacterium were spread via letters in the form of powder.

(a)
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
(b)
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
(c)
If assertion is true but reason is false
(d)
If both assertion and reason are false

21 )

Plasmid has been used as vector because:

(a)
It is circular DNA which have capacity to join to eukeryotic DNA.
(b)
it can move between prokaryotic and eukary- otic cells.
(c)
Both ends show replication.
(d)
It has antibiotic resistance gene.

22 )

"Transgenic' plants are produced by:

(a)
Inducing gene mutation
(b)
Arresting spindle fibre formation
(c)
Deleting sex chromosomes
(d)
Introducing foreign genes

23 )

To isolate DNA fron fungi we have to break the wall. This is done by

(a)
Lysozyme
(b)
Cellulose
(c)
Invertase
(d)
Chitinase

24 )

Two microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering are-

(a)
Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens
(b)
Vibrio cholerae and a tailed bacteriophage
(c)
Diplococcus sp. and pseudomonas sp.
(d)
Crown gall bacterium and caenorhabditis elegans

25 )

Transgenic plants are the ones:

(a)
Grown in artificial medium after hybridization in the field
(b)
Produced by a somatic embryo in artificial medium
(c)
Generated by introducing foreign DNA in to a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell
(d)
produced after protoplast fusion in artificial medium

26 )

Read the following four statement (A-D) about certain mistakes in two of them.
(A) The first transgenic buffalo, Rosie produced milk which was human alpha- lactabumin enriched.
(B) Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA form other macro molecules.
(C) Downstream processing is one of steps of R-DNA technology.
(D) Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in transfer of R-DNA into the host.
Which are the two statement having mistakes?

(a)
Statement (A) and (B)
(b)
Statement (B) and (C)
(c)
Statement (C) and (D)
(d)
Statement (A) and (C)

27 )

Which one of the following techniques made it possible to genetically engineer living organism?

(a)
Hybridization
(b)
Recombinant DNA techniques
(c)
X- ray diffration
(d)
Heavier isotope labelling

28 )

Which one of following is method of gene silencing

(a)
tRNA
(b)
rRNA
(c)
RNAi
(d)
mRNA

29 )

Transgenics have provided many pharamaceuticals in their milk, for treatment of diseases. Which one of the following has not been a successful story?

(a)
Phenylketonuria
(b)
SCID
(c)
Emphysema(hereditary)
(d)
CFTR

30 )

what is true about Bt toxin?

(a)
Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus
(b)
The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication
(c)
The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins
(d)
The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut