

SAT History - Work, Life, and Leisure
Exam Duration: 45 Mins Total Questions : 30
Why were some forests classified as 'protected'?
- (a)
In these the customary grazing rights of pastorals were granted but their movements were severely restricted.
- (b)
The colonial officials believed that grazing destroyed the saplings and young shoots of trees that germinated on the forest floor.
- (c)
Both (a) and (b)
- (d)
None of the above
Life of the pastoral groups were sustained by:
- (a)
Correct judgement of how long the herds could stay in one area, know where to find water and pasture
- (b)
Correct calculation of timing, their movements and ensuring they could move through territories
- (c)
Setting up relationship with farmers on the way, so that the herds could graze
- (d)
All the above
In what ways lives of Gujjar Bakarwals of Jammu and Kashmir similar to that of Gaddi shepherds of Himachal Pradesh
- (a)
They both have a similar cycle of seasonal movement
- (b)
They both spend their winters on low hills of Siwalik range, grazing their herds in dry scrub forest
- (c)
In April, they begin their upward journey again for their summer grazing grounds
- (d)
All the above
The title Maasai derives from and two special features of this tribe are:
- (a)
The word in Maa 'Maasai' means 'My People'
- (b)
They are nomadic and pastoral, and depend on milk and meat for subsistence
- (c)
High temperature and low rainfall have made their land dry, dusty, and extremely hot with droughts 'being a common feature.
- (d)
All the above
Which of these are the pastoral communities of the mountains?
- (a)
Gujjars
- (b)
Gaddis
- (c)
Bhotiyas and Sherpas
- (d)
All the above
The continuous movement of the pastoral communities helps in:
- (a)
Recovery of the pastures
- (b)
Prevention of their overuse
- (c)
Reduction in the demand of houses
- (d)
Both (a) and (b)
The social changes in Maasai society are that:
- (a)
The traditional difference based on age, between the elders and warriors, has been disturbed, but it has not broken down
- (b)
A new distinction between the wealthy and the poor pastoralists has developed
- (c)
Both (a) and (b)
- (d)
None of the above
Dhangars were an important pastoral community of:
- (a)
Gujarat
- (b)
Maharashtra
- (c)
U.P.
- (d)
Assam
Which crop was sown by the Dhangars in the central plateau of Maharashtra?
- (a)
Bajra
- (b)
Jowar
- (c)
Rice
- (d)
Wheat
What was the reason of the seasonal rhythms of the movement of Gollas, Kurumas and Kurubas?
- (a)
Cold and the snow
- (b)
Monsoon and dry season
- (c)
Both (a) and (b)
- (d)
None of the above
Where were the Banjaras found?
- (a)
Uttar Pradesh
- (b)
Punjab, Rajasthan
- (c)
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra
- (d)
All the above
Where did the community of Raikas live?
- (a)
In the deserts of Rajasthan
- (b)
Along the western coastal areas
- (c)
In the Rann of Kachchh
- (d)
In Maharashtra
Since when were the 'Wasteland Rules' implemented in various parts of the country?
- (a)
17th century
- (b)
Early 18th century
- (c)
Mid-19th century
- (d)
Late 19th century
According to the 'Wasteland Rules':
- (a)
Uncultivated lands were taken over and given to select individuals
- (b)
These individuals were granted various concessions and encouraged to settle these lands
- (c)
Some of them were made headmen of villages in the newly cleared areas
- (d)
All the above
Through the Forest Acts, some forests which produced timber like deodar or sal were declared 'Reserved'. What did that mean
- (a)
They were reserved for the pastoralists
- (b)
No pastoralist was allowed access to these forests
- (c)
Some particular pastoral communities only were allowed access to them
- (d)
None of the above
In which way did the Forest Acts change the lives of the pastoralists?
- (a)
In the areas of forests where the pastoralists were allowed, their movements were regulated
- (b)
They needed a permit for entry
- (c)
The timing of their entry and departure was specified
- (d)
All the above
Gujjar Bakarwals are pastoralists belonging to which region?
- (a)
Himachal Pradesh
- (b)
Jammu and Kashmir
- (c)
Bihar
- (d)
Madhya Pradesh
The pastoralists had to pay tax on:
- (a)
Every animal they grazed on the pastures
- (b)
The houses they were living in
- (c)
Number of animals they had
- (d)
None of the above
When was the right to collect the tax auctioned out to contractors?
- (a)
In 1800
- (b)
Between the 1850s and 1880s
- (c)
In 1900
- (d)
In the 1920s
What was the result of overgrazing pastures due to restrictions on pastoral movements?
- (a)
The quality of pastures declined
- (b)
This created deterioration of animal stock
- (c)
Underfed cattle died in large numbers during scarcity and famine
- (d)
All the above
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
- (a)
Some rich pastoralists started buying land and settling down giving up their nomadic life
- (b)
Some became settled peasants cultivating land, others took to more extensive trading
- (c)
The poor pastoralists became labourers, working on fields or in small towns
- (d)
All the above
Half of the world's pastoral population lives in:
- (a)
South America
- (b)
South Asia
- (c)
Africa
- (d)
North America
Which of these are the pastoral communities of Africa?
- (a)
Bedouins, Berbers
- (b)
Maasai, Somali
- (c)
Boran, Turkana
- (d)
All the above
In 1885, Massailand was cut into half with an international boundary between:
- (a)
Kenya and Tanganyika
- (b)
Kenya and Ethiopia
- (c)
Congo and Angola
- (d)
Angola and Botswana
What was the percentage of land lost by Maasais as a result of the division of Maasailand?
- (a)
10%
- (b)
25%
- (c)
35%
- (d)
60%
Which of these statements is true?
- (a)
Large areas of grazing land were turned into game reserves
- (b)
Pastoralists were not allowed to enter these reserves
- (c)
Serengeti National Park was created over 14,760 km of Maasai grazing land
- (d)
All the above
The nomadic cattle herders of Kaokoland belonged to:
- (a)
Namibia
- (b)
Zambia
- (c)
Zimbabwe
- (d)
South Africa
With the passage of time, what was the position of the Maasai chiefs?
- (a)
They had regular income with which they could buy animals, goods and land
- (b)
In times of war and famine, they lost nearly everything
- (c)
They did not have resources to tide over bad times
- (d)
Some eked out a living as charcoal burners, others did odd jobs
Which seasonal movements affect the Dhangars of Maharashtra?
- (a)
Cold and snow
- (b)
Climatic disturbance
- (c)
Drought and flood
- (d)
Alternate monsoon and dry seasons
Which one of the following communities is a pastoral community of Jammu and Kashmir?
- (a)
Gaddi
- (b)
Bhotiyas
- (c)
Dhangars
- (d)
Gujjar Bakarwals